The finings that come with a kit wine in the main are the two-part type (Kieselsol and Chitosan. These should always be left for 3-5 days. This is a bit naughty as for the finings to work properly it should be a minimum of 5 days (it’s put at 3Read More →

Butyric acid is manufactured by catalyzed air oxidation of butanal (butyraldehyde). Butyric acid is a colourless liquid, soluble in water and miscible with common organic solvents; it freezes at −7.9 °C (17.8 °F) and boils at 163.5 °C (326.3 °F). Which species produces a large amount of butyric acid fromRead More →

The main purpose of the secondary vessel is to facilitate the settling of the yeast and to allow the beer to age. By transferring into a secondary fermenter, you’re removing the beer from the layer of sediment that accumulated during primary fermentation. When should I move to secondary fermenter? Typically,Read More →