A urologist can remove the kidney stone or break it into small pieces with the following treatments: Shock wave lithotripsy. How did they remove kidney stones in the 19th century? The only possible definitive treatment up to the early 1800s was surgery indeed: lithotomy or ‘cutting the stone‘. Dr Civiale’sRead More →

Yes. In common usage, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic renal failure are generally the same. “Failure” is generally reserved for Stage 5 CKD, but the terms are interchangeable. Where do you itch with kidney disease? It can come and go or it may be continuous. It may affect yourRead More →

The most commonly found kidney stones are calcium stones, usually in the form of calcium oxalate. Oxalate is a naturally occurring substance found in some foods. In particular, some fruits, vegetables, nuts and chocolate have high oxalate content. Where are calculi found? Kidney stones, or renal calculi, are solid massesRead More →

Kidney Damage. Vancomycin is cleared primarily in the kidneys. In large amounts, vancomycin can cause kidney problems such as acute kidney injury (AKI). Does oral vancomycin need to be renally adjusted? The frequency of administration ranges from every 8 to 24 hours and should be adjusted based on renal function,Read More →