Catfish venom glands are found alongside sharp, bony spines on the edges of the dorsal and pectoral fins, and these spines can be locked into place when the catfish is threatened. When a spine jabs a potential predator, the membrane surrounding the venom gland cells is torn, releasing venom intoRead More →

Pectoral fins are made of cartilage and bone. They are similar to the skeletal structure of land mammals with fingers and ball and socket joints. In some cases, the flippers are held rather rigidly out from the body as dolphins have a stiff foreflipper without the movable elbow joint inRead More →